Nano-Selenium Enriched Chitosan Particles For Fish Feed: Synthesis And Evaluation
Keywords:
Chitosan nanoparticles, Selenium nanoparticles, Nile tilapia, Aquaculture feed, Antioxidant activity, Nanonutrition
Abstract
Background: Sustainable aquaculture depends on innovative feed strategies that enhance fish growth, health, and environmental safety. Chitosan and selenium nanoparticles have shown promise as bioactive supplements due to their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and immunostimulatory effects. This study aimed to synthesize nano-selenium-enriched chitosan particles (Cs-SeNPs) and evaluate their potential in fish feed formulation for Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia).
Methods: Chitosan-selenite nanoparticles were synthesized using the ionotropic gelation method and characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, XRD, and zeta potential analyses. The nanoparticles were incorporated into fish feed at varying concentrations and administered to tilapia over 45 days. Growth parameters, feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and immune responses were measured and statistically analyzed using ANOVA.
Results: The Cs-SeNPs displayed spherical morphology, high colloidal stability (zeta potential −36.4 mV), and distinct selenium incorporation confirmed by EDX. Fish fed Cs-SeNP-supplemented diets exhibited significant improvements in weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency compared to controls (p < 0.05). Enhanced lysozyme activity and phagocytic response indicated immune stimulation. The combined chitosan–selenium formulation also showed antimicrobial effects against common fish pathogens.
Conclusion: Nano-selenium-enriched chitosan particles effectively improve growth performance, feed efficiency, and immune function in Nile tilapia, demonstrating potential as a sustainable feed additive for aquaculture. These findings support further exploration of Cs-SeNPs as functional nanonutrients to enhance fish health and productivity.
References
1. Abd El-Hamid MI, Ibrahim SM, Eldemery F, El-Mandrawy SA, Metwally AS, Khalifa E, Elnahriry SS, Ibrahim D. Dietary cinnamaldehyde nanoemulsion boosts growth and transcriptomes of antioxidant and immune related genes to fight Streptococcus agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 2021 Jun 1;113:96-105.
2. Abd El-Naby AS, Al-Sagheer AA, Negm SS, Naiel MA. Dietary combination of chitosan nanoparticle and thymol affects feed utilization, digestive enzymes, antioxidant status, and intestinal morphology of Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture. 2020 Jan 15;515:734577.
3. Abdel‐Ghany HM, Salem ME. Effects of dietary chitosan supplementation on farmed fish; a review. Reviews in Aquaculture. 2020 Feb;12(1):438-52.
4. Abd-Elraoof WA, Tayel AA, Shaymaa W, Abukhatwah OM, Diab AM, Abonama OM, Assas MA, Abdella A. Characterization and antimicrobial activity of a chitosan-selenium nanocomposite biosynthesized using Posidonia oceanica. RSC advances. 2023;13(37):26001-14.
5. Adel Abdel-Khalek A, Kadry M, Hamed A, Marie MA. Ecotoxicological impacts of zinc metal in comparison to its nanoparticles in Nile tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus. The Journal of Basic & Applied Zoology. 2015 Oct 1;72:113-25.
6. Akter N, Jewel MA, Haque MA, Nahiduzzaman M, Rahman MH, Khatun MB, Satter A. Effects of dietary Cu nanoparticles on growth performance, physiology and bioaccumulation in Asian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science. 2023 Sep 25;8(3):427-36
7. Anderson JL, Asche F, Garlock T, Chu J. Aquaculture: Its role in the future of food. In World agricultural resources and food security: International food security 2017 Jul 15 (pp. 159-173). Emerald Publishing Limited.
8. Bano I, Skalickova S, Sajjad H, Skladanka J, Horky P. Uses of selenium nanoparticles in the plant production. Agronomy. 2021 Nov 3;11(11):2229.
9. Bashar A, Hasan NA, Haque MM, Rohani MF, Hossain MS. Effects of dietary silica nanoparticle on growth performance, protein digestibility, hematology, digestive morphology, and muscle composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2021 Aug 17;8:706179.
10. Bashir SM, Ahmed Rather G, Patrício A, Haq Z, Sheikh AA, Shah MZ, Singh H, Khan AA, Imtiyaz S, Ahmad SB, Nabi S. Chitosan nanoparticles: a versatile platform for biomedical applications. Materials. 2022 Sep 20;15(19):6521.
11. Bisht N, Phalswal P, Khanna PK. Selenium nanoparticles: A review on synthesis and biomedical applications. Materials Advances. 2022;3(3):1415-31.
12. Bostock J, McAndrew B, Richards R, Jauncey K, Telfer T, Lorenzen K, Little D, Ross L, Handisyde N, Gatward I, Corner R. Aquaculture: global status and trends. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2010 Sep 27;365(1554):2897-912.
13. Chen W, Li X, Cheng H, Xia W. Chitosan-based selenium composites as potent Se supplements: Synthesis, beneficial health effects, and applications in food and agriculture. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2022 Nov 1;129:339-52.
14. Chouhan D, Mandal P. Applications of chitosan and chitosan based metallic nanoparticles in agrosciences-A review. International journal of biological macromolecules. 2021 Jan 1;166:1554-69.
15. Dawood MA, Basuini MF, Yilmaz S, Abdel-Latif HM, Kari ZA, Abdul Razab MK, Ahmed HA, Alagawany M, Gewaily MS. Selenium nanoparticles as a natural antioxidant and metabolic regulator in aquaculture: a review. Antioxidants. 2021 Aug 27;10(9):1364.
16. Dawood MA, Eweedah NM, Moustafa EM, El-Sharawy ME, Soliman AA, Amer AA, Atia MH. Copper nanoparticles mitigate the growth, immunity, and oxidation resistance in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Biological trace element research. 2020 Nov;198:283-92.
17. Dawood MA, Zommara M, Eweedah NM, Helal AI. Synergistic effects of selenium nanoparticles and vitamin E on growth, immune-related gene expression, and regulation of antioxidant status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Biological trace element research. 2020 Jun;195:624-35.
18. De Silva C, Nawawi NM, Abd Karim MM, Abd Gani S, Masarudin MJ, Gunasekaran B, Ahmad SA. The mechanistic action of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles and its application in aquaculture and livestock industries. Animals. 2021 Jul 14;11(7):2097.
19. Divya K, Jisha MS. Chitosan nanoparticles preparation and applications. Environmental chemistry letters. 2018 Mar;16:101-12.
20. El‐Sayed AF, Fitzsimmons K. From Africa to the world—The journey of Nile tilapia. Reviews in Aquaculture. 2023 Feb;15:6-21.
21. El‐Sayed AF. Effects of stocking density and feeding levels on growth and feed efficiency of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fry. Aquaculture research. 2002 Jul;33(8):621-6.
22. Fiorella KJ, Okronipa H, Baker K, Heilpern S. Contemporary aquaculture: implications for human nutrition. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 2021 Aug 1;70:83-90.
23. Garg U, Chauhan S, Nagaich U, Jain N. Current advances in chitosan nanoparticles based drug delivery and targeting. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin. 2019 Jun;9(2):195.
24. George D, Lakshmi S, Sharma A, Prakash S, Siddiqui M, Malavika BR, Elumalai P. Nanotechnology: A novel tool for aquaculture feed development. InNanotechnological Approaches to the Advancement of Innovations in Aquaculture 2023 Mar 28 (pp. 67-88). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
25. Ghanbary K, Firouzbakhsh F, Arkan E, Mojarrab M. The effect of Thymbra spicata hydroalcoholic extract loaded on chitosan polymeric nanoparticles on some growth performances, hematology, immunity, and response to acute stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture. 2022 Feb 15;548:737568.
26. Gonzales Jr JM, Brown PB. Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticus as a food source in advanced life support systems: Initial considerations. Advances in Space Research. 2006 Jan 1;38(6):1132-7.
27. Hardy RW. Collaborative opportunities between fish nutrition and other disciplines in aquaculture: an overview. Aquaculture. 1999 Jul 1;177(1-4):217-30.
28. Hasan MR, Halwart M. Fish and feed inputs for aquaculture. Practices, sustainability and implications., FAO Fisheries and aquaculture technical paper. 2009;518.
29. Hoerterer C, Petereit J, Lannig G, Johansen J, Pereira GV, Conceição LE, Pastres R, Buck BH. Sustainable fish feeds: the potential of emerging protein sources in diets for juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) in RAS. Aquaculture International. 2022 Jun;30(3):1481-504.
30. Holmes AB, Gu FX. Emerging nanomaterials for the application of selenium removal for wastewater treatment. Environmental Science: Nano. 2016;3(5):982-96.
31. Joshi HD, Tiwari VK, Gupta S, Sharma R, Lakra WS, Sahoo U. Application of nanotechnology for the production of masculinized Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Aquaculture. 2019 Sep 15;511:734206.
32. Korni FM, Mohammed AN, Moawad UK. Using some natural essential oils and their nano-emulsions for ammonia management, anti-stress and prevention of streptococcosis in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture International. 2023 Aug;31(4):2179-98.
33. Krishnaraj C, Radhakrishnan S, Ramachandran R, Ramesh T, Kim BS, Yun SI. In vitro toxicological assessment and biosensing potential of bioinspired chitosan nanoparticles, selenium nanoparticles, chitosan/selenium nanocomposites, silver nanoparticles and chitosan/silver nanocomposites. Chemosphere. 2022 Aug 1;301:134790.
34. Kumar N, Thorat ST, Patole PB, Gite A, Kumar T. Does selenium and zinc nanoparticles support mitigation of multiple-stress in aquaculture? Aquaculture. 2023 Jan 30;563:739004.
35. Kumaran S, Aruni W, Karthik M. Trends in aquaculture feed development with chitosan nano particles–a review. BiosciBiotechnol Res Commun. 2020;13(10.21786).
36. Leonard JN, Skov PV. Capacity for thermal adaptation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effects on oxygen uptake and ventilation. Journal of Thermal Biology. 2022 Apr 1;105:103206.
37. Mair GC, Halwart M, Derun Y, Costa‐Pierce BA. A decadal outlook for global aquaculture. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. 2023 Apr 1;54(2).
38. Munguti JM, Nairuti R, Iteba JO, Obiero KO, Kyule D, Opiyo MA, Abwao J, Kirimi JG, Outa N, Muthoka M, Githukia CM. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) culture in Kenya: Emerging production technologies and socio‐economic impacts on local livelihoods. Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries. 2022 Aug;2(4):265-76.
39. Mustafa S, Estim A, Shapawi R, Shalehand MJ, Sidik SR. Technological applications and adaptations in aquaculture for progress towards sustainable development and seafood security. InIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021 Mar 1 (Vol. 718, No. 1, p. 012041). IOP Publishing.
40. Naylor RL, Hardy RW, Bureau DP, Chiu A, Elliott M, Farrell AP, Forster I, Gatlin DM, Goldburg RJ, Hua K, Nichols PD. Feeding aquaculture in an era of finite resources. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2009 Sep 8;106(36):15103-10.
41. Nyakeya K, Chemoiwa E, Nyamora JM, Ogombe CO, Gichana ZM, Mbaru EK, Masese FO, Aura CM, Nyamweya C, Njiru J, Ondiba R. Endemic Lake Baringo Oreochromis niloticus fishery on verge of collapse: Review of causes and strategies directed to its recovery, conservation and management for sustainable exploitation. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management. 2020 Dec;25(4):423-38.
42. Olivera S, Muralidhara HB, Venkatesh K, Guna VK, Gopalakrishna K, Kumar Y. Potential applications of cellulose and chitosan nanoparticles/composites in wastewater treatment: a review. Carbohydrate polymers. 2016 Nov 20;153:600-18.
43. Olsen Y. Resources for fish feed in future mariculture. Aquaculture Environment Interactions. 2011 Mar 10;1(3):187-200
44. Partridge GJ, Rao S, Woolley LD, Pilmer L, Lymbery AJ, Prestidge CA. Bioavailability and palatability of praziquantel incorporated into solid-lipid nanoparticles fed to yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology. 2019 Apr 1;218:14-20.
45. Peters RJ, Bouwmeester H, Gottardo S, Amenta V, Arena M, Brandhoff P, Marvin HJ, Mech A, Moniz FB, Pesudo LQ, Rauscher H. Nanomaterials for products and application in agriculture, feed and food. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2016 Aug 1;54:155-64.
46. Phan LT, Bui TM, Nguyen TT, Gooley GJ, Ingram BA, Nguyen HV, Nguyen PT, De Silva SS. Current status of farming practices of striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypothalamus in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Aquaculture. 2009 Nov 16;296(3-4):227-36.
47. Samrongpan, C., N. Areechon, R. Yoonpundh, and P. Srisapoome. "Effects of mannan-oligosaccharide on growth, survival and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus) fry." (2008): 345-353.Prabu E, Rajagopalsamy CB, Ahilan B, Jeevagan IJ, Renuhadevi MJ. Tilapia–an excellent candidate species for world aquaculture: a review. Annual Research & Review in Biology. 2019 Mar 29;31(3):1-4.
48. Sarkar B, Bhattacharjee S, Daware A, Tribedi P, Krishnani KK, Minhas PS. Selenium nanoparticles for stress-resilient fish and livestock. Nanoscale research letters. 2015 Dec;10:1-4.
49. Sharjeel M, Ali S, Summer M, Noor S, Nazakat L. Recent advancements of nanotechnology in fish aquaculture: an updated mechanistic insight from disease management, growth to toxicity. Aquaculture International. 2024 Apr 1:1-38.
50. Terzioğlu P, Öğüt H, Kalemtaş A. Natural calcium phosphates from fish bones and their potential biomedical applications. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 2018 Oct 1;91:899-911.
51. Tesfahun A, Temesgen M. Food and feeding habits of Nile tilapiaOreochromisniloticus(L.) in Ethiopian water bodies: A review. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies. 2018;6(1):43-7.
52. Thangapandiyan S, Monika S. Green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles as feed additives to improve growth, biochemical, and hematological parameters in freshwater fish Labeorohita. Biological trace element research. 2020 Jun;195:636-47.
53. Vijayakumar S, Chen J, Divya M, Durán-Lara EF, Prasannakumar M, Vaseeharan B. A review on biogenic synthesis of selenium nanoparticles and its biological applications. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials. 2022 Jul;32(7):2355-70.
54. Wang SY, Herrera‐Balandrano DD, Jiang YH, Shi XC, Chen X, Liu FQ, Laborda P. Application of chitosan nanoparticles in quality and preservation of postharvest fruits and vegetables: A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 2023 May;22(3):1722-62.
55. Xiao X, Deng H, Lin X, Ali ASM, Viscardi A, Guo Z, Qiao L, He Y, Han J. Selenium nanoparticles: Properties, preparation methods, and therapeutic applications. Chem Biol Interact. 2023 Jun 1;378:110483. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110483
56. Yazhiniprabha M, Gopi N, Mahboob S, Al-Ghanim KA, Al-Misned F, Ahmed Z, Riaz MN, Sivakamavalli J, Govindarajan M, Vaseeharan B. The dietary supplementation of zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles enhance the immune response in freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus against aquatic pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 2022 Jan 1;69:126878.
57. Zhou C, Xu D, Lin K, Sun C, Yang X. Intelligent feeding control methods in aquaculture with an emphasis on fish: a review. Reviews in Aquaculture. 2018 Dec;10(4):975-93.
2. Abd El-Naby AS, Al-Sagheer AA, Negm SS, Naiel MA. Dietary combination of chitosan nanoparticle and thymol affects feed utilization, digestive enzymes, antioxidant status, and intestinal morphology of Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture. 2020 Jan 15;515:734577.
3. Abdel‐Ghany HM, Salem ME. Effects of dietary chitosan supplementation on farmed fish; a review. Reviews in Aquaculture. 2020 Feb;12(1):438-52.
4. Abd-Elraoof WA, Tayel AA, Shaymaa W, Abukhatwah OM, Diab AM, Abonama OM, Assas MA, Abdella A. Characterization and antimicrobial activity of a chitosan-selenium nanocomposite biosynthesized using Posidonia oceanica. RSC advances. 2023;13(37):26001-14.
5. Adel Abdel-Khalek A, Kadry M, Hamed A, Marie MA. Ecotoxicological impacts of zinc metal in comparison to its nanoparticles in Nile tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus. The Journal of Basic & Applied Zoology. 2015 Oct 1;72:113-25.
6. Akter N, Jewel MA, Haque MA, Nahiduzzaman M, Rahman MH, Khatun MB, Satter A. Effects of dietary Cu nanoparticles on growth performance, physiology and bioaccumulation in Asian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science. 2023 Sep 25;8(3):427-36
7. Anderson JL, Asche F, Garlock T, Chu J. Aquaculture: Its role in the future of food. In World agricultural resources and food security: International food security 2017 Jul 15 (pp. 159-173). Emerald Publishing Limited.
8. Bano I, Skalickova S, Sajjad H, Skladanka J, Horky P. Uses of selenium nanoparticles in the plant production. Agronomy. 2021 Nov 3;11(11):2229.
9. Bashar A, Hasan NA, Haque MM, Rohani MF, Hossain MS. Effects of dietary silica nanoparticle on growth performance, protein digestibility, hematology, digestive morphology, and muscle composition of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Frontiers in Marine Science. 2021 Aug 17;8:706179.
10. Bashir SM, Ahmed Rather G, Patrício A, Haq Z, Sheikh AA, Shah MZ, Singh H, Khan AA, Imtiyaz S, Ahmad SB, Nabi S. Chitosan nanoparticles: a versatile platform for biomedical applications. Materials. 2022 Sep 20;15(19):6521.
11. Bisht N, Phalswal P, Khanna PK. Selenium nanoparticles: A review on synthesis and biomedical applications. Materials Advances. 2022;3(3):1415-31.
12. Bostock J, McAndrew B, Richards R, Jauncey K, Telfer T, Lorenzen K, Little D, Ross L, Handisyde N, Gatward I, Corner R. Aquaculture: global status and trends. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2010 Sep 27;365(1554):2897-912.
13. Chen W, Li X, Cheng H, Xia W. Chitosan-based selenium composites as potent Se supplements: Synthesis, beneficial health effects, and applications in food and agriculture. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2022 Nov 1;129:339-52.
14. Chouhan D, Mandal P. Applications of chitosan and chitosan based metallic nanoparticles in agrosciences-A review. International journal of biological macromolecules. 2021 Jan 1;166:1554-69.
15. Dawood MA, Basuini MF, Yilmaz S, Abdel-Latif HM, Kari ZA, Abdul Razab MK, Ahmed HA, Alagawany M, Gewaily MS. Selenium nanoparticles as a natural antioxidant and metabolic regulator in aquaculture: a review. Antioxidants. 2021 Aug 27;10(9):1364.
16. Dawood MA, Eweedah NM, Moustafa EM, El-Sharawy ME, Soliman AA, Amer AA, Atia MH. Copper nanoparticles mitigate the growth, immunity, and oxidation resistance in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Biological trace element research. 2020 Nov;198:283-92.
17. Dawood MA, Zommara M, Eweedah NM, Helal AI. Synergistic effects of selenium nanoparticles and vitamin E on growth, immune-related gene expression, and regulation of antioxidant status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Biological trace element research. 2020 Jun;195:624-35.
18. De Silva C, Nawawi NM, Abd Karim MM, Abd Gani S, Masarudin MJ, Gunasekaran B, Ahmad SA. The mechanistic action of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles and its application in aquaculture and livestock industries. Animals. 2021 Jul 14;11(7):2097.
19. Divya K, Jisha MS. Chitosan nanoparticles preparation and applications. Environmental chemistry letters. 2018 Mar;16:101-12.
20. El‐Sayed AF, Fitzsimmons K. From Africa to the world—The journey of Nile tilapia. Reviews in Aquaculture. 2023 Feb;15:6-21.
21. El‐Sayed AF. Effects of stocking density and feeding levels on growth and feed efficiency of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fry. Aquaculture research. 2002 Jul;33(8):621-6.
22. Fiorella KJ, Okronipa H, Baker K, Heilpern S. Contemporary aquaculture: implications for human nutrition. Current Opinion in Biotechnology. 2021 Aug 1;70:83-90.
23. Garg U, Chauhan S, Nagaich U, Jain N. Current advances in chitosan nanoparticles based drug delivery and targeting. Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin. 2019 Jun;9(2):195.
24. George D, Lakshmi S, Sharma A, Prakash S, Siddiqui M, Malavika BR, Elumalai P. Nanotechnology: A novel tool for aquaculture feed development. InNanotechnological Approaches to the Advancement of Innovations in Aquaculture 2023 Mar 28 (pp. 67-88). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
25. Ghanbary K, Firouzbakhsh F, Arkan E, Mojarrab M. The effect of Thymbra spicata hydroalcoholic extract loaded on chitosan polymeric nanoparticles on some growth performances, hematology, immunity, and response to acute stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture. 2022 Feb 15;548:737568.
26. Gonzales Jr JM, Brown PB. Nile tilapiaOreochromis niloticus as a food source in advanced life support systems: Initial considerations. Advances in Space Research. 2006 Jan 1;38(6):1132-7.
27. Hardy RW. Collaborative opportunities between fish nutrition and other disciplines in aquaculture: an overview. Aquaculture. 1999 Jul 1;177(1-4):217-30.
28. Hasan MR, Halwart M. Fish and feed inputs for aquaculture. Practices, sustainability and implications., FAO Fisheries and aquaculture technical paper. 2009;518.
29. Hoerterer C, Petereit J, Lannig G, Johansen J, Pereira GV, Conceição LE, Pastres R, Buck BH. Sustainable fish feeds: the potential of emerging protein sources in diets for juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) in RAS. Aquaculture International. 2022 Jun;30(3):1481-504.
30. Holmes AB, Gu FX. Emerging nanomaterials for the application of selenium removal for wastewater treatment. Environmental Science: Nano. 2016;3(5):982-96.
31. Joshi HD, Tiwari VK, Gupta S, Sharma R, Lakra WS, Sahoo U. Application of nanotechnology for the production of masculinized Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Aquaculture. 2019 Sep 15;511:734206.
32. Korni FM, Mohammed AN, Moawad UK. Using some natural essential oils and their nano-emulsions for ammonia management, anti-stress and prevention of streptococcosis in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture International. 2023 Aug;31(4):2179-98.
33. Krishnaraj C, Radhakrishnan S, Ramachandran R, Ramesh T, Kim BS, Yun SI. In vitro toxicological assessment and biosensing potential of bioinspired chitosan nanoparticles, selenium nanoparticles, chitosan/selenium nanocomposites, silver nanoparticles and chitosan/silver nanocomposites. Chemosphere. 2022 Aug 1;301:134790.
34. Kumar N, Thorat ST, Patole PB, Gite A, Kumar T. Does selenium and zinc nanoparticles support mitigation of multiple-stress in aquaculture? Aquaculture. 2023 Jan 30;563:739004.
35. Kumaran S, Aruni W, Karthik M. Trends in aquaculture feed development with chitosan nano particles–a review. BiosciBiotechnol Res Commun. 2020;13(10.21786).
36. Leonard JN, Skov PV. Capacity for thermal adaptation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Effects on oxygen uptake and ventilation. Journal of Thermal Biology. 2022 Apr 1;105:103206.
37. Mair GC, Halwart M, Derun Y, Costa‐Pierce BA. A decadal outlook for global aquaculture. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society. 2023 Apr 1;54(2).
38. Munguti JM, Nairuti R, Iteba JO, Obiero KO, Kyule D, Opiyo MA, Abwao J, Kirimi JG, Outa N, Muthoka M, Githukia CM. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus, 1758) culture in Kenya: Emerging production technologies and socio‐economic impacts on local livelihoods. Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries. 2022 Aug;2(4):265-76.
39. Mustafa S, Estim A, Shapawi R, Shalehand MJ, Sidik SR. Technological applications and adaptations in aquaculture for progress towards sustainable development and seafood security. InIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021 Mar 1 (Vol. 718, No. 1, p. 012041). IOP Publishing.
40. Naylor RL, Hardy RW, Bureau DP, Chiu A, Elliott M, Farrell AP, Forster I, Gatlin DM, Goldburg RJ, Hua K, Nichols PD. Feeding aquaculture in an era of finite resources. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2009 Sep 8;106(36):15103-10.
41. Nyakeya K, Chemoiwa E, Nyamora JM, Ogombe CO, Gichana ZM, Mbaru EK, Masese FO, Aura CM, Nyamweya C, Njiru J, Ondiba R. Endemic Lake Baringo Oreochromis niloticus fishery on verge of collapse: Review of causes and strategies directed to its recovery, conservation and management for sustainable exploitation. Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management. 2020 Dec;25(4):423-38.
42. Olivera S, Muralidhara HB, Venkatesh K, Guna VK, Gopalakrishna K, Kumar Y. Potential applications of cellulose and chitosan nanoparticles/composites in wastewater treatment: a review. Carbohydrate polymers. 2016 Nov 20;153:600-18.
43. Olsen Y. Resources for fish feed in future mariculture. Aquaculture Environment Interactions. 2011 Mar 10;1(3):187-200
44. Partridge GJ, Rao S, Woolley LD, Pilmer L, Lymbery AJ, Prestidge CA. Bioavailability and palatability of praziquantel incorporated into solid-lipid nanoparticles fed to yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology. 2019 Apr 1;218:14-20.
45. Peters RJ, Bouwmeester H, Gottardo S, Amenta V, Arena M, Brandhoff P, Marvin HJ, Mech A, Moniz FB, Pesudo LQ, Rauscher H. Nanomaterials for products and application in agriculture, feed and food. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2016 Aug 1;54:155-64.
46. Phan LT, Bui TM, Nguyen TT, Gooley GJ, Ingram BA, Nguyen HV, Nguyen PT, De Silva SS. Current status of farming practices of striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypothalamus in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Aquaculture. 2009 Nov 16;296(3-4):227-36.
47. Samrongpan, C., N. Areechon, R. Yoonpundh, and P. Srisapoome. "Effects of mannan-oligosaccharide on growth, survival and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus) fry." (2008): 345-353.Prabu E, Rajagopalsamy CB, Ahilan B, Jeevagan IJ, Renuhadevi MJ. Tilapia–an excellent candidate species for world aquaculture: a review. Annual Research & Review in Biology. 2019 Mar 29;31(3):1-4.
48. Sarkar B, Bhattacharjee S, Daware A, Tribedi P, Krishnani KK, Minhas PS. Selenium nanoparticles for stress-resilient fish and livestock. Nanoscale research letters. 2015 Dec;10:1-4.
49. Sharjeel M, Ali S, Summer M, Noor S, Nazakat L. Recent advancements of nanotechnology in fish aquaculture: an updated mechanistic insight from disease management, growth to toxicity. Aquaculture International. 2024 Apr 1:1-38.
50. Terzioğlu P, Öğüt H, Kalemtaş A. Natural calcium phosphates from fish bones and their potential biomedical applications. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 2018 Oct 1;91:899-911.
51. Tesfahun A, Temesgen M. Food and feeding habits of Nile tilapiaOreochromisniloticus(L.) in Ethiopian water bodies: A review. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies. 2018;6(1):43-7.
52. Thangapandiyan S, Monika S. Green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles as feed additives to improve growth, biochemical, and hematological parameters in freshwater fish Labeorohita. Biological trace element research. 2020 Jun;195:636-47.
53. Vijayakumar S, Chen J, Divya M, Durán-Lara EF, Prasannakumar M, Vaseeharan B. A review on biogenic synthesis of selenium nanoparticles and its biological applications. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials. 2022 Jul;32(7):2355-70.
54. Wang SY, Herrera‐Balandrano DD, Jiang YH, Shi XC, Chen X, Liu FQ, Laborda P. Application of chitosan nanoparticles in quality and preservation of postharvest fruits and vegetables: A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 2023 May;22(3):1722-62.
55. Xiao X, Deng H, Lin X, Ali ASM, Viscardi A, Guo Z, Qiao L, He Y, Han J. Selenium nanoparticles: Properties, preparation methods, and therapeutic applications. Chem Biol Interact. 2023 Jun 1;378:110483. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110483
56. Yazhiniprabha M, Gopi N, Mahboob S, Al-Ghanim KA, Al-Misned F, Ahmed Z, Riaz MN, Sivakamavalli J, Govindarajan M, Vaseeharan B. The dietary supplementation of zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles enhance the immune response in freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus against aquatic pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 2022 Jan 1;69:126878.
57. Zhou C, Xu D, Lin K, Sun C, Yang X. Intelligent feeding control methods in aquaculture with an emphasis on fish: a review. Reviews in Aquaculture. 2018 Dec;10(4):975-93.
Published
2024-12-30
How to Cite
Latha Srinivasan, & Kumaran Subramanian. (2024). Nano-Selenium Enriched Chitosan Particles For Fish Feed: Synthesis And Evaluation. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 25(1), 4306-4320. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i1.2216
Issue
Section
Articles
