Bioaccumulation Of Selected Heavy Metals In Scylla Serrata (Forskal, 1775) And Mugil Cephalus (Linnaeus,1758) Of Punnakayal Mangrove Ecosystem
Abstract
The aim of the work is to analyse the selected heavy metal concentration in Scylla serata (Forskal, 1775) and Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus ,1758) of punnakayal mangrove ecosystem. The heavy metal concentration in sediment, water were also studied. Heavy metal concentrations in water(µg/l) Cu (3.86)> Cd (1.29)> Pb(0.980); sediment (µg/g)Cu (19.16)>Pb(14.43)>, Cd (13.4); crab(µg/g)Cu (1.31) > Pb (0.38)> Cd (0.262) and fish (µg/g)Cu (0.36)> Cd (0.18)> Pd (0.15) were documented. The maximum concentration of heavy metals were found in sediment and minimum concentration was found in fish tissue. Metal concentrations were within the safe limit in the organisms studied and there is every possibility of increase in metal concentration in the near future due to continuing anthropogenic activity. In the selected area the physico chemical parameters of water were also analysed and recorded as temperature, 26˚c; salinity, 28.56 ‰; Dissolved Oxygen, 3.100 mg/l; Turbidity, NT units 1.6; total dissolved solids, 48423 mg /l; electrical conductivity, 72274; pH, 7.61; total salkalinity, 112mg/l; total hardness, 6200 mg/l; calcium, 1520 mg/l ; magnesium, 576 mg/l; sodium, 14200g/l; potassium, 1400 mg/l; iron, 0.24 mg/l; free ammonia, 0.13mg/l; nitrite, 0.10 mg/l; chloride, 22500; fluoride, 23 mg/l; sulphate, 2588mg/l and phosphate, 0.10 mg/l. Biochemical composition in muscle of the crab and fish revealed the presence of high amount of protein 24.67 and 29.05 mg/g wet weight respectively. Total heterotrophic bacterial load was highest in the sediment (173 x 10-3 CFU g-1) and lowest in the fish (88 x10-3 CFU g-1).
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