Smart and Secure Veterinary Organizations: Cost-Benefit Analysis of IoT-enabled Monitoring Systems

Abstract

This study presents a detailed evaluation of IoT-enabled monitoring systems in veterinary organisations across India, focusing on economic outcomes, operational efficiency, and cybersecurity challenges. Data was collected from 86 veterinary facilities, including insights from owners, staff, and family members, complemented by secondary research from official sources. The analysis employs descriptive statistics to examine changes in feed wastage, health treatment costs, milk production, and system maintenance expenses. Results indicate that while initial investment in smart technology is considerable, it yields long-term savings and improved livestock health. Over a three-year period, the cost-benefit ratio becomes significantly favourable. A critical section of this study explores the cybersecurity vulnerabilities associated with IoT deployment in veterinary contexts. Issues such as malware attacks, unauthorized data access, and system hijacking are examined in depth. Case examples highlight real incidents where poor cybersecurity impacted operations. Recommendations include enhanced encryption, multi-factor authentication, regular system updates, and employee training. Overall, the findings suggest that IoT integration, when paired with robust cybersecurity strategies, can lead to more efficient, secure, and productive veterinary operations in India.