Conservation Policies, Tourism, and Community Perspectives in Sariska Tiger Reserve

Abstract

Conservation policies in protected areas often lead to the relocation of indigenous communities, raising concerns about their social and economic well-being (Torri, 2011). In the case of Sariska Tiger Reserve, conservation efforts have faced resistance from local communities due to displacement and restrictions on resource access (Sekhar, 2003). Studies highlight the challenges of balancing biodiversity conservation with human rights, emphasizing the need for inclusive policies (Agrawal, 2002; Brechin et al., 2003).

Forced relocations often result in economic hardships, as displaced communities struggle to adapt to new environments (Cernea, 2006). Additionally, fortress conservation models, which exclude local populations, have been criticized for disregarding traditional knowledge systems essential for sustainable resource management (Brockington, 2002; Brosius, 2004). Alternative conservation approaches, such as community-managed reserves, have been proposed to ensure both ecological preservation and local livelihoods (Kothari, 1997; Gadgil et al., 1993).

Human-wildlife conflicts are another major concern, as restrictions on resource use can lead to negative perceptions of conservation among local populations (Shahabuddin et al., 2007). Economic incentives, ecotourism, and participatory governance models have been suggested as solutions to foster better relationships between conservation authorities and local communities (McNeely & Scherr, 2003; Wilkie et al., 2006).

In conclusion, conservation policies must balance ecological goals with social justice to ensure sustainable outcomes. Integrating local perspectives, providing alternative livelihoods, and implementing community-driven conservation models can help mitigate the negative impacts of protected area management (Borgerhoff-Mulder & Coppolillo, 2005; Terborgh et al., 2002).