Determination of Phenol Compound and Anti-Bacterial Potential in Methanol Extract of Marine Red Algae Gracilaria Fergusonii J. Agardh

Abstract

The genus Gracilaria is one of the important agar yielding marine macro algae belongs to Rhodophycean member. They are macroscopic multicellular thallus attached the rocky substratum of inter tidal region of seashore. The sulfated polysaccharides obtained from the cell wall of Gracilaria are used in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. More over the genus have abundant primary bioactive constituents were reported by many workers and are still succeed to identifying active compounds in every day. The present attempt was aimed to analysis the bioactive compounds from the methanol extract of Gracilaria fergusonii under various spectral studies such as Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV‐Visible Spectrophotometer (UV-VIS), H1-NMR and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). As a results, the functional phenol group showed in all the spectral profile. Phenols are alkayl substituted aromatic ring with singlet or multiple chemical shift and are used in industrial chemical, food additive, antioxidant etc. In FTIR, the sharp peak showed range between 3300-3500cm-1 and in UV-Vis spectrum, the sharp peak showed at 315 nm with the absorbance of 2.459. Meanwhile, in H1NMR the chemical shift ranges δ5.14ppm, δ 7.27 ppm, δ 7.46 ppm and δ 7.73 ppm were confirm the phenol group of tested methanol extract of G. fergusonii. Another confirmation found in GC/MS 13.18 RT showed a compound Phenol, 2, 4-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl) - with molecular weight of 206 and the peak area of 0.73%. That compound has good result in the study of anti-bacterial activity against human pathogens. The biochemical composition of total free phenols also estimated from G. fergusonii that showed 3.08±0.022 mg/g. The present findings concluded that the test specimen G. fergusonii J. Ag commercially important than higher plants because of the availability and bioactivity.