Phytochemical Profiling And Antioxidant Potential Of Abies Webbiana Fruit Extract: Isolation And Characterization Of Phenolic Compounds
Abstract
Abies webbiana (Wall ex D. Don) Lindl is called as Thalisapathiri in Tamil, Talisapathra or Patradhyam in Sanskrit, and Yew or Himalayan Silver in English. In Siddha system of medicine, it acts as a stomachic, carminative, expectorant, and tonic. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the pharmacognostical, phytochemical, and antioxidant properties of Abies webbiana fruit. We also identify the phenolic compound.Pharmacognostical evaluation revealed significant parameters, such as total ash value (5.61 ± 0.085%), acid-insoluble ash (0.59 ± 0.174%), water-soluble ash (1.23 ± 0.069%), and loss on drying (7.42 ± 0.341%). The water and alcoholic extractive values were 12.34 ± 0.418% and 8.57 ± 0.021%, respectively. Phytochemical screening of hydroalcoholic and petroleum ether extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, carbohydrates, proteins, glycosides, and saponins. Quantitative analysis showed that the total phenolic content was 163.33 mg/g, and the total flavonoid content was 96 mg/g. The antioxidant activity of the hydroalcoholic extract was assessed using DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging assays. The IC50 values for DPPH and superoxide radicals were 30.785 μg/ml and 36.44 μg/ml, respectively, indicating moderate antioxidant potential. TLC, UV, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy further confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds, with isolated fraction F showing a molecular formula corresponding to 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) propenoic acid. These findings suggest that Abies webbiana fruit possesses significant phenolic and antioxidant properties, with potential for further exploration as a natural antioxidant source.However, in vivo studies to determine the antioxidant potential of the plant should be conducted before they can be recommended as nutritional substitutes.
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