Fabrication Of Glimepiride-Loaded Nanospongesby Emulsion Solvent Evaporation Method
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus, is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, leading to elevated blood glucose levels, which, if unmanaged, can cause serious complications like cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, and kidney failure. The present study focuses on the development and evaluation of Glimepiride-loaded nanosponges using ethyl cellulose as a polymer through the emulsion solvent evaporation methodenhanced by ultrasonic assistance. Glimepiride, an oral hypoglycemic agent used for type 2 diabetes mellitus, is commonly prescribed to help regulate blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin secretion from the pancreas. However, its clinical effectiveness is often limited due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability, resulting in suboptimal glycemic control. To address Glimepiride’s limitations, nanosponges were synthesized using dichloromethane as a solvent and polyvinyl alcohol as a stabilizer. The nanosponges were characterized by particle size analysis, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, entrapment efficiency, product yield, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the nanosponges had a nanoscale size (291 to 412 nm), good stability (polydispersity index: 0.282to 0.527; and zeta potential: -16.8 to -29.3 mV.), and a porous structure, with Glimepiride successfully encapsulated (entrapment efficiency: 86.4±1.7 to 97.4±1.1) in the polymer matrix. FT-IR analysis indicated no interaction between the drug and excipients. In-vitro drug release studies indicated a sustained release profile over 12 hours. The findings suggest that Glimepiride-loaded nanosponges can significantly improve solubility, stability, and controlled drug release, offering a potential solution for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of Glimepiride in the long-term management of diabetes mellitus.
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