Exploring Biofilm-Driven Resistance Mechanisms in Periodontitis: A Study on Multidrug-Resistant Microorganisms
Abstract
Introduction: The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains poses significant challenges in treating periodontitis, especially in vulnerable populations such as diabetic patients. This study aims to investigate the biofilm-driven resistance mechanisms in periodontitis-associated microorganisms, focusing on MDR strains isolated from diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
Methodology: A total of 210 clinical samples were collected from patients diagnosed with periodontitis, with a focus on identifying the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains. Samples were analyzed for biofilm production through standardized biofilm assays, categorizing isolates into strong, moderate, and weak biofilm producers. Molecular characterization of the isolates was performed using 16S rRNA sequencing and BLAST analysis to identify key pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, as well as associated resistance genes linked to biofilm formation.
Statistical Analysis: Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate the correlation between diabetes status, biofilm formation, and multidrug resistance. Chi-square tests were utilized to determine the significance of differences in resistance rates between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant, indicating a meaningful relationship between the variables studied.
Results: The results indicated that among the 210 clinical samples, 70% of the isolates from diabetic patients exhibited multidrug resistance, while 46% of the isolates from non-diabetic patients showed similar resistance profiles. These findings underscore the increased risk of multidrug resistance in diabetic patients, highlighting the urgent need for innovative biofilm-targeted therapies in managing periodontitis.
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