Quantitative Analysis of Historical Foot-and-Mouth Disease Data: Identifying Return-Associated Characteristics
Abstract
“Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD)” is extremely transmittable and has financial ramifications, it continues to be a major problem for cattle populations globally. This study analyzes historical FMD data quantitatively in-depth to identify trends, patterns and risk factors related to outbreaks. A subset of animals at the farms that housed adult dairy cattle (Farm A) and juvenile-yearling steers and heifers (Farm B) showed clinical signs of FMD, even though the cattle in these herds had received immunizations. The mature dairy cows at Farm B went extinct far faster than the younger animals at Farm A, with a mean extinction period for the carrier state of 15 months. Each month, the percentage of carrier animals will decrease by 0.02 percent. There was a temporary decline in sero-prevalence against FMDV non-structural proteins, but this was followed by a brief increase following multiple vaccinations. These results offer fresh perspectives on the host and viral elements connected to the FMDV carrier condition in the wild. The results are relevant to field veterinarians working on FMD response and control initiatives as well as government regulatory bodies.
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