Comparative Seroprevalence Analysis of Paratuberculosis in Goats and Cattle: Insights and Implications
Abstract
A chronic illness that affects cattle and other ruminants is called paratuberculosis (PTB). Severe diarrhea and weight loss are its defining characteristics. Eventually, after a protracted illness, the afflicted animals pass away. The primary site of infection for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the intestines, where it causes intestinal wall thickening and chronic inflammation. This study's goal was to compare the seroprevalence of PTB in goats and cattle to determine the prevalence of MAP antibodies in these two different species. In six districts of Rajasthan, namely, Dausa, Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Jaipur, Udaipur and Dholpur an overall of 1951 blood specimens were taken from livestock holdings that appeared to be healthy, consisting of cattle and goats. Following the processing of the blood samples to separate the serum, an enzyme-linked immune sorbent test (ELISA) was performed to determine whether the samples had any antibodies against the infection. Only blood samples from the districts of Dausa and Bikaner were confirmed to be positive. It was discovered that the samples from the remaining districts were negative. The results of this study advance the understanding of the epidemiology of goat and cattle PTB, guiding the development of focused control measures for this disease that affects ruminant populations and has a substantial economic impact. However, this study suggests that the major areas of Rajasthan have low sickness prevalence.
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