Comparative Evaluation Of Gloss, Colour Stability And Surface Roughness In Zirconia And Yttrium Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles With Zirconomer.
Abstract
Background & aim: Yttrium hydroxyapatite nanoparticles have been incorporated into zirconomer to enhance their esthetic and mechanical properties. Zirconomer is zirconia reinforced glass ionomer cement, which is known for its strength and bio-compatibility properties. Moreover, surface properties like gloss, color stability, and roughness are crucial determinants for specific successes in the long term.
Materials and Methods: Disc-shaped samples of Yttrium hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with Zirconomer and Zirconomer (n=4 each) were prepared. Gloss was measured with a glossmeter, color stability (ΔE) was evaluated, and surface roughness was assessed using a stylus profilometer before and after brushing simulation (10,000 cycles). Statistical analysis was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test.
Results: Y-HAp-based Zirconomer exhibited superior gloss retention and color stability compared to Zirconomer after brushing simulation and staining. Surface roughness increased for both materials post-simulation, but the Y-HAp-based composites showed significantly lower roughness values (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, Y-HAp-based Zirconomer composites demonstrated superior gloss retention, color stability, and lower surface roughness compared to Zirconomer under simulated oral conditions.
References
2. Paranna S, Thosar N, Kanitkar A. Effect of Build Orientation on Mechanical and Physical Properties of Additively Manufactured Resins Using Digital Light Processing Technology in Dentistry: A Systematic Review. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2024 Sep 1;25(9):891–903.
3. Yudaev P, Chuev V, Klyukin B, Kuskov A, Mezhuev Y, Chistyakov E. Polymeric Dental Nanomaterials: Antimicrobial Action. Polymers (Basel) [Internet]. 2022 Feb 22;14(5). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14050864
4. Islam MA, Hossain N, Hossain S, Khan F, Hossain S, Arup MMR, et al. Advances of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Dental Implant Applications. Int Dent J [Internet]. 2025 Jan 10; Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2024.11.020
5. Davidson CL, Mjör IA. Advances in Glass-ionomer Cements. Quintessence Publishing (IL); 1999. 312 p.
6. Feiz A, Nicoo MA, Parastesh A, Jafari N, Sarfaraz D. Comparison of antibacterial activity and fluoride release in tooth-colored restorative materials: Resin-modified glass ionomer, zirconomer, giomer, and cention N. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2022 Dec 14;19:104.
7. Sharafeddin F, Bahrani S. Effect of Hydroxyapatite on Surface Roughness of Zirconomer, and Conventional and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers. Front Dent. 2020 Dec 20;17:36.
8. Thomas HA, Singh N, Thomas AM, Masih S, Cherian JM, Varghese KG. Effect of protective coating agents on microleakage and flexural strength of glass ionomer cement and zirconomer. an in vitro study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2024 Feb;25(1):57–63.
9. Aktaş N, Akın Y, Bal C, Bani M, Bankoğlu Güngör M. Effect of the Different Dietary Supplements on the Average Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Direct Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry. Children (Basel) [Internet]. 2024 May 27;11(6). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children11060645
10. Kishen A, Veeraraghavan VP, Somasundram J, Gayathri R, Kavitha S. Effect of pit-and-fissure sealants on postbrushing simulation - A photogenic study. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2022 Dec;13(Suppl 2):S402–6.
11. Kannan S, Ganesh SB, Jayalakshmi S. Effect of brushing simulation on the surface roughness of soft-tissue liners: An study. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2022 Nov;13(Suppl 1):S198–201.
12. Turkistani A, Hasanain FA. Investigating the impact of whitening toothpastes on bioactive resin-based restorative materials: a comparative analysis. BMC Oral Health. 2024 Dec 20;24(1):1527.
13. Vas NV, Varghese RM. An In Vitro Study of the Abrasive Potential of Various Toothbrushes on the Surface of Aligner Attachments. Cureus. 2024 Mar;16(3):e55911.
14. E DS, Paulraj J, Maiti S, Shanmugam R. Comparative Analysis of Color Stability and Its Impact on Artificial Aging: An In Vitro Study of Bioactive Chitosan, Titanium, Zirconia, and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle-Reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement Compared With Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement. Cureus. 2024 Feb;16(2):e54517.
15. Kallivayalil JG, Ganesh SB, Jayalakshmi S. Comparative analysis of effect of fruit juices on surface roughness of bulk fill and flowable composite material. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2022 Nov;13(Suppl 1):S136–9.
