Microstructural and Durability Optimization of M45 Concrete through Hybrid Incorporation of CNTs and Nano Silica
Keywords:
High-strength concrete, M45 concrete, Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), Nano Silica, Microstructure, SEM, XRD
Abstract
This research investigates the enhancement of mechanical strength, durability, and microstructure of M45 grade high-strength concrete through the hybrid incorporation of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) and Nano Silica. Utilizing an optimized dosage of 1.5% CNTs and 2.5% Nano Silica, this study focuses on evaluating compressive and flexural strength, water absorption, chloride ion penetration, and microstructural characteristics via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Results demonstrate substantial improvement in mechanical and durability parameters, attributed to the synergistic effects of CNTs and Nano Silica on matrix densification, crack bridging, and enhanced hydration. These findings present a viable strategy for the development of high-performance concrete for demanding structural applications.
References
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21. Nashat, A., Kaur, P., and Sinha, R. (2024). Nano-silica in lightweight concrete: Enhancing mechanical properties and workability. Journal of Cement-Based Materials, 47(1), 56–70.
22. Nguyen, H., Tran, K., and Vu, B. (2022). Nanomaterials in concrete-rebar bond behavior. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 34(5), 102567.
23. Patil, V., and Gupta, M. (2022). Environmental impact of nano-silica in concrete. Journal of Sustainable Construction Technology, 28(3), 123–138.
24. Reis, E. D., Costa, L., and Oliveira, F. (2023). Engineering properties of CNT-enhanced concrete: A systematic review. Materials and Structures, 55(6), 267–280.
25. Rodríguez, J., Silva, M., and Herrera, T. (2020). Electrochemical sensing strategies using CNTs for environmental hazard detection. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 325, 128946.
26. Singh, H., Mehta, A., and Patel, N. (2023). Performance of nano-silica and MWCNTs in high-strength concrete. Advances in Cement Research, 36(3), 189–202.
27. Singh, J., and Kaur, R. (2023). Fire resistance of CNT-reinforced concrete. Journal of Fire Safety Engineering, 18(2), 87–99.
28. Wang, L., Chen, X., and Li, D. (2022). Effect of nano-silica on rheology and early-age strength development of self-compacting concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 150, 106689.
29. Yazdanbakhsh, A., Grasley, Z. C., Tyson, B. M., and Zollinger, D. G. (2010). Mechanical dispersion of carbon nanofibers in cementitious materials. Cement and Concrete Composites, 32(9), 613–617.
2. Althoey, F., and Zaid, O. (2023). Influence of nano-silica on hydration, durability, and microstructural properties of concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 155, 106785.
3. Arif, M., Singh, R., and Kumar, V. (2023). Strength and permeability characteristics of nano-silica modified concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 35(8), 402110.
4. Vidivelli, B., and Ashwini, B. (2018). Enhancement of strength and durability in CNT-incorporated concrete. Materials Today: Proceedings, 10(2), 456–463.
5. Ebrahim, A., and Kandasamy, S. (2023). Effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties of concrete. Advances in Nano Materials and Concrete Technology, 42(6), 1256–1269.
6. Gao, Y., Wang, J., and Chen, P. (2019). The effect of nano-silica on the mechanical properties and microstructure of high-strength concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 103, 401–415.
7. Hernandez, R., Lopez, D., and Martinez, G. (2023). Mitigating Alkali-Silica Reaction using nano-silica in concrete. Materials Science and Engineering, 45(3), 176–189.
8. Hwangbo, D., Kim, J., and Lee, C. (2023). Bond behavior between concrete and reinforcing bars in nano-modified concrete. Construction Science and Engineering, 67(1), 23–37.
9. Ji, T. (2004). Water permeability characteristics of nano-silica modified concrete. Journal of Advanced Materials Research, 15(3), 233–239.
10. Kanagaraj, R., Prakash, M., and Subramani, S. (2024). Influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on flexural performance of concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 55(4), 1123–1136.
11. Khalid, M., Usman, M., and Rahman, H. (2016). High-strength concrete with nanomaterials: A sustainable approach. International Journal of Civil Engineering, 23(2), 245–260.
12. Khitab, A., Khan, M., and Tariq, A. (2016). Applications of nanotechnology in modifying construction materials. Journal of Construction Materials Science, 12(4), 98–115.
13. Kim, H., Park, J., and Choi, Y. (2014). Dispersion of CNTs in cement composites using silica fume. Cement and Concrete Composites, 68, 121–130.
14. Kumar, R., and Verma, P. (2023). The potential of CNTs in improving the fatigue performance of concrete pavements. Transportation Engineering Journal, 14(6), 455–472.
15. Kumar, S., Patel, A., and Gupta, R. (2021). Nanomaterials in high-strength self-compacting concrete. Journal of Sustainable Concrete Materials, 31(5), 89–103.
16. Lee, C., and Cho, S. (2021). Self-sensing capabilities of CNT-incorporated concrete. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 336, 113458.
17. Li, Y., Wu, Z., and Chen, Q. (2023). Nano-silica as a dispersing agent for CNTs in cement composites. Journal of Advanced Cement Materials, 44(2), 197–210.
18. Liew, R. J. Y., Sohel, K. M. A., and Zhang, M. H. (2014). Damping performance of CNT-reinforced cement mortar. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, 136(2), 021006.
19. Liu, B., Tang, L., and Zhou, H. (2024). Combined effects of CNTs and nano-silica fume on high-strength concrete. Materials Science and Engineering, 59(7), 207–219.
20. Mohammad, A., Hassan, R., and Singh, P. (2020). Impact of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on durability and mechanical performance of concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 234, 117384.
21. Nashat, A., Kaur, P., and Sinha, R. (2024). Nano-silica in lightweight concrete: Enhancing mechanical properties and workability. Journal of Cement-Based Materials, 47(1), 56–70.
22. Nguyen, H., Tran, K., and Vu, B. (2022). Nanomaterials in concrete-rebar bond behavior. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 34(5), 102567.
23. Patil, V., and Gupta, M. (2022). Environmental impact of nano-silica in concrete. Journal of Sustainable Construction Technology, 28(3), 123–138.
24. Reis, E. D., Costa, L., and Oliveira, F. (2023). Engineering properties of CNT-enhanced concrete: A systematic review. Materials and Structures, 55(6), 267–280.
25. Rodríguez, J., Silva, M., and Herrera, T. (2020). Electrochemical sensing strategies using CNTs for environmental hazard detection. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 325, 128946.
26. Singh, H., Mehta, A., and Patel, N. (2023). Performance of nano-silica and MWCNTs in high-strength concrete. Advances in Cement Research, 36(3), 189–202.
27. Singh, J., and Kaur, R. (2023). Fire resistance of CNT-reinforced concrete. Journal of Fire Safety Engineering, 18(2), 87–99.
28. Wang, L., Chen, X., and Li, D. (2022). Effect of nano-silica on rheology and early-age strength development of self-compacting concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 150, 106689.
29. Yazdanbakhsh, A., Grasley, Z. C., Tyson, B. M., and Zollinger, D. G. (2010). Mechanical dispersion of carbon nanofibers in cementitious materials. Cement and Concrete Composites, 32(9), 613–617.
Published
2024-09-24
How to Cite
Deepanshu Kamboj, & Dr. Karan Babbar. (2024). Microstructural and Durability Optimization of M45 Concrete through Hybrid Incorporation of CNTs and Nano Silica. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 25(2), 2164 - 2171. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i2.2127
Section
Articles
