The response of Ouled Djellal breed sheep to a Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection (Haemonchus contortus)
Keywords:
primary infestation, Haemonchus contortus, resistance, Ouled Djellal, sheep breeds.
Abstract
The extension of the resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes to anthelmintics, recently observed for Haemonchus contortus, represents a real problem and makes urgent the search for alternative solutions such as the selection of animals resistant to helminths. All cases of experimental infestations show significant individual variability in egg excretion, clearly discriminating between resistant individuals and susceptible individuals, makes it possible to consider the selection of resistant individuals in the breeds studied. However, the lack of knowledge of the mechanisms of the immune response of sheep to these strongyles remains an obstacle to the development of this selection. It is accepted that the level of excretion of parasite eggs in the faeces represents a relevant indicator for evaluating an animal's resistance to strongyles. This criterion was examined during our study confirmed for the first time in Algeria the level of resistance of Ouled Djellal sheep breed to gastrointestinal strongyles, particularly to Haemonchus contortus.
References
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21. Oubraham, F.; Bédrani, S.; Belhouadjeb, F.A. Does Interest Rate Subsidy Really Promote the Financing of Farms? The Case of the Wilaya of Laghouat in Algeria. Cah. Agric. 2021, 30, 23.
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24. Chellig, R. Les «races» Ovines Algériennes; Office des Publications Universitaires, Alger, 1992;
25. Gan, X.; Zuo, J.; Baker, E.; Chang, R.; Wen, T. Exploring the Determinants of Residential Satisfaction in Public Rental Housing in China : A Case Study of Chongqing. J. Hous. Built Environ. 2019, doi:10.1007/s10901-019-09691-x.
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29. Zouiten, H. Résistance Aux Anthelminthiques Des Nématodes Parasites Du Tube Digestif Chez Les Ovins et Les Équidés Au Maroc, Université Mohammed V – Agdal, Maroc, 2006.
30. Benguesmia, M.; Hamiroune, M.; Chrétien, A.; Prévot, F.; Grisez, C.; Bergeaud, J.-P.; Lacroux, C.; Trumel, C.; Geffre, A.; Harhoura, K.; et al. Cinétique d’infestation Par Haemonchus Contortus et Réponse d’ovins de Races Résistante (Martinik Black Belly) et Sensible (Lacaune). Rev. d’élevage médecine vétérinaire des pays Trop. 2020, 73, 123–131, doi:10.19182/remvt.31874.
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32. Stear, M.J.; Strain, S.; Bishop, S.C. Mechanisms Underlying Resistance to Nematode Infection. Int. J. Parasitol. 1999, 29, 51–56, doi:10.1016/S0020-7519(98)00179-9.
33. Altaif, K.; Dargie, J. Genetic Resistance to Helminths. Parasitol 1978, 77, 177–187, doi:10.1017/S0031182000049374.
34. Riffkin, G.G.; Dobson, C. Predicting Resistance of Sheep to Haemonchus Contortus Infections. Vet. Parasitol. 1979, 5, 365–378, doi:10.1016/0304-4017(79)90027-X.
35. Aumont, G.; Gruner, L.; Hostache, G. Comparison of the Resistance to Sympatric and Allopatric Isolates of Haemonchus Contortus of Black Belly Sheep in Guadeloupe (FWI) and of INRA 401 Sheep in France. Vet. Parasitol. 2003, 116, 139–150, doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(03)00259-0.
36. Finkelman, F.D.; Shea-Donohue, T.; Goldhill, J.; Sullivan, C.A.; Morris, S.C.; Madden, K.B.; Gause, W.C.; Urban, J.F. Cytokine Regulation of Host Defense against Parasitic Gastrointestinal Nematodes: Lessons from Studies with Rodent Models. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 1997, 15, 505–533, doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.505.
37. Behm, C.A.; Ovington, K.S. The Role of Eosinophils in Parasitic Helminth Infections: Insights from Genetically Modified Mice. Parasitol. Today 2000, 16, 202–209.
38. Meeusen, E.N.T.; Balic, A. Do Eosinophils Have a Role in the Killing of Helminth Parasites? Parasitol. Today 2000, 16, 95–101.
39. Lacroux, C. Régulation Des Populations de Nématodes Gastrointestinaux (Haemonchus Contortus et Trichostrongylus Colubriformis) Dans Deux Races Ovines, INRA 401 et Barbados Black Belly, Institut national polytechnique de Toulouse, France, 2006.
40. Boussena, S.; Bouaziz, O.; Hireche, S.; Derqaoui, L.; Dib, A.L.; Moula, N. Apparition de La Puberté Chez Les Agneaux Mâles de Race Ouled Djellal. Rev. Med. Vet. (Toulouse). 2016, 167, 274–282.
41. Bousta, O. Détermination de l’âge de La Puberté Chez Les Agneaux de La Race REMBI, Université IBN-KHALDOUN de Tiaret, Algérie, 2017.
42. Barger, I.A. Influence of Sex and Reproductive Status on Susceptibility of Ruminants to Nematode Parasitism. Int. J. Parasitol. 1993, 23, 463–469, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(93)90034-V.
43. TOUITOU, F. Impact de La Selection Génétique Sur La Resistance à Haemonchus Contortus et de l’apport Alimentaire de Proteines Sur Le Microbiote Ruminal et l’éfficacité Alimentaire de Brebis Gestantes et Allaitantes, ENVT-Université de Toulouse, 2019.
44. Adduci, I.; Sajovitz, F.; Hinney, B.; Lichtmannsperger, K.; Joachim, A.; Wittek, T.; Yan, S. Haemonchosis in Sheep and Goats, Control Strategies and Development of Vaccines against Haemonchus contortus. Animals 2022, 12, 2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12182339
45. Arsenopoulos, K.V.; Katsarou, E.I.; Mendoza Roldan, J.A.; Fthenakis, G.C.; Papadopoulos, E. Haemonchus contortus Parasitism in Intensively Managed Cross-Limousin Beef Calves: Effects on Feed Conversion and Carcass Characteristics and Potential Associations with Climatic Conditions. Pathogens 2022, 11, 955. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11090955
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47. Flay, K.J.; Hill, F.I.; Muguiro, D.H. A Review: Haemonchus contortus Infection in Pasture-Based Sheep Production Systems, with a Focus on the Pathogenesis of Anaemia and Changes in Haematological Parameters. Animals 2022, 12, 1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12101238
48. Arsenopoulos, K.V.; Fthenakis, G.C.; Katsarou, E.I.; Papadopoulos, E. Haemonchosis: A Challenging Parasitic Infection of Sheep and Goats. Animals 2021, 11, 363. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020363
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2. Kotze, A.C.; Prichard, R.K. Anthelmintic Resistance in Haemonchus Contortus: History, Mechanisms and Diagnosis. Adv. Parasitol. 2016, 93, 397–428, doi:10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.012.
3. Bordes, L.; Dumont, N.; Lespine, A.; Souil, E.; Sutra, J.-F.; Prévot, F.; Grisez, C.; Romanos, L.; Dailledouze, A.; Jacquiet, P. First Report of Multiple Resistance to Eprinomectin and Benzimidazole in Haemonchus Contortus on a Dairy Goat Farm in France. Parasitol. Int. 2020, 76, 102063, doi:10.1016/j.parint.2020.102063.
4. Bishop, S.C.; Morris, C.A. Genetics of Disease Resistance in Sheep and Goats. Small Rumin. Res. 2007, 70, 48–59, doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2007.01.006.
5. Belhouadjeb, F.A.; Boumakhleb, A.; Toaiba, A.; Doghbage, A.; Habib, B.; Boukerker, H.; Murgueitio, E.; Soufan, W.; Almadani, M.I.; Daoudi, B.; et al. The Forage Plantation Program between Desertification Mitigation and Livestock Feeding : An Economic Analysis. Land 2022, doi:https:// doi.org/10.3390/land11060948.
6. Boukhobza, M. L’Agropastoralisme Traditionnel En Algérie: De l’Ordre Tribal Au Désordre Colonial; OPU: Ben Aknoun, Algeria, 1982; ISBN 0080286283.
7. Slimani, H.; Aidoud, A.; Rozé, F. 30 Years of Protection and Monitoring of a Steppic Rangeland Undergoing Desertification. J. Arid Environ. 2010, 74, 685–691, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.10.015.
8. Kaid-harche, F.Z.B.A.-F.Z.B.A.-A.D.A.-A.K.A.-F.A.A.-M. Degradation of Western Algerian Steppes Lands: Monitoring and Assessment. Indian J. Ecol. 2018, 45, 235–243.
9. Hadjloune, H.; Kihal, O.; Kaci, A.; Belhouadjeb, F.A. Quel Avenir Pour La Filière Huile d’olive Fraichement Introduite Dans Une Zone Steppique? Cas de La Région de M’Sila. New Medit 2021, 20, 125–140, doi:10.30682/nm2102i.
10. Boukerker, H.; Boumedjene Mouna, R.; Doghbage, A.; Belhouadjeb, F.A.; Kherifi, W.; Hecini, L.; Bekiri, F. State of Pastoral Resources in the Algerian Steppe Regions: Main Factors of Degradationand Definition of Preservation and Rehabilitation Actions. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 2021, 33, 1–9.
11. Boukerker, H.; Hecini, L.; Salemkour, N.; Boumedjane, M.R.; Kherifi, W.; Doghbage, A.; Belhouadjeb, F.A.; Bekiri, F.; Boultif, M.; Diab, N. Impacts of Grazing, Restoration by Planting on the Pastoral Potential, Floristic Richness and Diversity of a the Southwestern Steppe of Naâma (Algeria), in the Context of Climate Change. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 2022, 34, 1–12.
12. Djeddaoui, F.; Chadli, M.; Gloaguen, R. Desertification Susceptibility Mapping Using Logistic Regression Analysis in the Djelfa Area, Algeria. Remote Sens. 2017, 9.
13. Slimani, H.; Aidoud, A. Desertification in the Maghreb: A Case Study of an Algerian High-Plain Steppe BT - Environmental Challenges in the Mediterranean 2000–2050.; Marquina, A., Ed.; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2004; pp. 93–108.
14. Meddi, H.; Meddi, M. Etude de La Persistance de La Sécheresse Au Niveau Des Septs Plainesalgériennes Par Utilisation Des Chaînes de Markov (1930-2003). Courr. du savoir 2009, 09, 39–48.
15. Meddi, H.; Meddi, M. Variabilité Des Précipitations Annuelles Du Nord-Ouest de l’Algérie. Sécheresse 2009, 20, 57–65.
16. Aboura, R.; Benabadji, N.; Benchouk, F.-Z. La Régression Des Steppes Méditerranéennes : Le Cas d’un Faciès à Lygeum Spartum L. d’Oranie (Algérie). Ecol. Mediterr. 2009, 75–90.
17. Yerou, H.; Belgharbi, B.; Homrani, A.; Miloudi, A.; Homrani, A. IMPACT DE LA RESTAURATION PAR MIS EN DEFENS SUR LES POTENTIALITES PASTORALES D’UN PARCOURS STEPPIQUE A DOMINANCE D’ ARTEMISIA HERBA ALBA DANS L’ALGERIE OCCIDENTALE. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 2022, 34, 2022.
18. Boussaada, D.; Yerou, H.; Benabdelli, K.; Djelailia, S. Evaluation Des Potentialités Pastorales Des Parcours Steppiques Algériennes Cas de M’sila (Algérie). Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 2022, 34.
19. Benaradj, A.; Mederbal, K.; Benabdeli, K.K.B. Remontée Biologique Du Parcours Steppique à Lygeum Spartum Après Une Durée de Mise En Défens Dans La Steppe Sud-Oranaise de Naâma (Cas de La Station de Touadjeur). In Proceedings of the Mediterr. Epoca II N°21; 2010; pp. 10–48.
20. Djamel, A.; Abdelkrim, B.; Hafidha, B.; Areas, S.; Ahmed, S. The Impact of Exclosure on the Rehabilitation of Steppe Vegetation at Naâma Rangelands in Algeria. J. Rangel. Sci. 2022, 12, 113–128, doi:10.30495/rs.2022.682375.
21. Oubraham, F.; Bédrani, S.; Belhouadjeb, F.A. Does Interest Rate Subsidy Really Promote the Financing of Farms? The Case of the Wilaya of Laghouat in Algeria. Cah. Agric. 2021, 30, 23.
22. Boulkaboul, A.; Moulaye, K. Parasitisme Interne Du Mouton de Race Ouled Djellal En Zone Semi-Aride d’Algérie. Rev. d’élevage médecine vétérinaire des pays Trop. 2006, 59, 23–29.
23. AnGR Rapport National Sur Les Ressources Génétiques Animales : Algérie; 2003;
24. Chellig, R. Les «races» Ovines Algériennes; Office des Publications Universitaires, Alger, 1992;
25. Gan, X.; Zuo, J.; Baker, E.; Chang, R.; Wen, T. Exploring the Determinants of Residential Satisfaction in Public Rental Housing in China : A Case Study of Chongqing. J. Hous. Built Environ. 2019, doi:10.1007/s10901-019-09691-x.
26. Fluck, A.; Laporte, J. Evaluation de La Résistance Des Strongles Gastro-Intestinaux Aux Anthelminthiques Dans Cinq Élevages Ovins Allaitants de La Région Provence Alpes Côte d’azur, Ecole nationale vétérinaire à Toulouse et Institut national polytechnique à Toulouse, 2018.
27. Institut Algérien de Normalisation. CARACTERISATION DE LA RACE OVINE OULED-DJELLAL; NORME ALGERIENNE : NA 15457, 2007;
28. RAYNAUD, J.-P.; William, G.; Brunault, G. Etude de l’efficacité d’une Technique de Coproscopie Quantitative Pour Le Diagnostic de Routine et Le Contrôle Des Infestations Parasitaires Des Bovins, Ovins, Équins et Porcins. Ann. Parasitol. 1970, 3, 321 à 342.
29. Zouiten, H. Résistance Aux Anthelminthiques Des Nématodes Parasites Du Tube Digestif Chez Les Ovins et Les Équidés Au Maroc, Université Mohammed V – Agdal, Maroc, 2006.
30. Benguesmia, M.; Hamiroune, M.; Chrétien, A.; Prévot, F.; Grisez, C.; Bergeaud, J.-P.; Lacroux, C.; Trumel, C.; Geffre, A.; Harhoura, K.; et al. Cinétique d’infestation Par Haemonchus Contortus et Réponse d’ovins de Races Résistante (Martinik Black Belly) et Sensible (Lacaune). Rev. d’élevage médecine vétérinaire des pays Trop. 2020, 73, 123–131, doi:10.19182/remvt.31874.
31. Terefe, G.; Lacroux, C.; Andreoletti, O.; Grisez, C.; Prevot, F.; Bergeaud, J.P.; Penicaud, J.; Rouillon, V.; Gruner, L.; Brunel, J.C.; et al. Immune Response to Haemonchus Contortus Infection in Susceptible (INRA 401) and Resistant (Barbados Black Belly) Breeds of Lambs. Parasite Immunol. 2007, 29, 415–424, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3024.2007.00958.x.
32. Stear, M.J.; Strain, S.; Bishop, S.C. Mechanisms Underlying Resistance to Nematode Infection. Int. J. Parasitol. 1999, 29, 51–56, doi:10.1016/S0020-7519(98)00179-9.
33. Altaif, K.; Dargie, J. Genetic Resistance to Helminths. Parasitol 1978, 77, 177–187, doi:10.1017/S0031182000049374.
34. Riffkin, G.G.; Dobson, C. Predicting Resistance of Sheep to Haemonchus Contortus Infections. Vet. Parasitol. 1979, 5, 365–378, doi:10.1016/0304-4017(79)90027-X.
35. Aumont, G.; Gruner, L.; Hostache, G. Comparison of the Resistance to Sympatric and Allopatric Isolates of Haemonchus Contortus of Black Belly Sheep in Guadeloupe (FWI) and of INRA 401 Sheep in France. Vet. Parasitol. 2003, 116, 139–150, doi:10.1016/S0304-4017(03)00259-0.
36. Finkelman, F.D.; Shea-Donohue, T.; Goldhill, J.; Sullivan, C.A.; Morris, S.C.; Madden, K.B.; Gause, W.C.; Urban, J.F. Cytokine Regulation of Host Defense against Parasitic Gastrointestinal Nematodes: Lessons from Studies with Rodent Models. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 1997, 15, 505–533, doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.505.
37. Behm, C.A.; Ovington, K.S. The Role of Eosinophils in Parasitic Helminth Infections: Insights from Genetically Modified Mice. Parasitol. Today 2000, 16, 202–209.
38. Meeusen, E.N.T.; Balic, A. Do Eosinophils Have a Role in the Killing of Helminth Parasites? Parasitol. Today 2000, 16, 95–101.
39. Lacroux, C. Régulation Des Populations de Nématodes Gastrointestinaux (Haemonchus Contortus et Trichostrongylus Colubriformis) Dans Deux Races Ovines, INRA 401 et Barbados Black Belly, Institut national polytechnique de Toulouse, France, 2006.
40. Boussena, S.; Bouaziz, O.; Hireche, S.; Derqaoui, L.; Dib, A.L.; Moula, N. Apparition de La Puberté Chez Les Agneaux Mâles de Race Ouled Djellal. Rev. Med. Vet. (Toulouse). 2016, 167, 274–282.
41. Bousta, O. Détermination de l’âge de La Puberté Chez Les Agneaux de La Race REMBI, Université IBN-KHALDOUN de Tiaret, Algérie, 2017.
42. Barger, I.A. Influence of Sex and Reproductive Status on Susceptibility of Ruminants to Nematode Parasitism. Int. J. Parasitol. 1993, 23, 463–469, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(93)90034-V.
43. TOUITOU, F. Impact de La Selection Génétique Sur La Resistance à Haemonchus Contortus et de l’apport Alimentaire de Proteines Sur Le Microbiote Ruminal et l’éfficacité Alimentaire de Brebis Gestantes et Allaitantes, ENVT-Université de Toulouse, 2019.
44. Adduci, I.; Sajovitz, F.; Hinney, B.; Lichtmannsperger, K.; Joachim, A.; Wittek, T.; Yan, S. Haemonchosis in Sheep and Goats, Control Strategies and Development of Vaccines against Haemonchus contortus. Animals 2022, 12, 2339. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12182339
45. Arsenopoulos, K.V.; Katsarou, E.I.; Mendoza Roldan, J.A.; Fthenakis, G.C.; Papadopoulos, E. Haemonchus contortus Parasitism in Intensively Managed Cross-Limousin Beef Calves: Effects on Feed Conversion and Carcass Characteristics and Potential Associations with Climatic Conditions. Pathogens 2022, 11, 955. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11090955
46. Niciura, S.C.M.; Benavides, M.V.; Okino, C.H.; Ibelli, A.M.G.; Minho, A.P.; Esteves, S.N.; Chagas, A.C.d.S. Genome-Wide Association Study for Haemonchus contortus Resistance in Morada Nova Sheep. Pathogens 2022, 11, 939. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11080939
47. Flay, K.J.; Hill, F.I.; Muguiro, D.H. A Review: Haemonchus contortus Infection in Pasture-Based Sheep Production Systems, with a Focus on the Pathogenesis of Anaemia and Changes in Haematological Parameters. Animals 2022, 12, 1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12101238
48. Arsenopoulos, K.V.; Fthenakis, G.C.; Katsarou, E.I.; Papadopoulos, E. Haemonchosis: A Challenging Parasitic Infection of Sheep and Goats. Animals 2021, 11, 363. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020363
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How to Cite
Mohamed BENGUESMIA, Miriem AISSI, Abdelghafour DOGHBAGE, Abdallah BOUMAKHLEB, Abdelhalim TOAIBA, Amar KHADOUMI, Belkacem DAOUDI, Hassen BOUKERKER, Philippe JACQUIET, Moussa LACHIBI, Hafidh ZEMOUR, & Fathi Abdellatif BELHOUADJEB. (1). The response of Ouled Djellal breed sheep to a Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection (Haemonchus contortus). Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 25(2), 1002-1009. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i2.1665
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