Assessment of combined effects of thermal acclimation, probiotics, and Bunium bulbocastanum essential oil on performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in heat-stressed broilers
Keywords:
Heat stress, broiler performance, probiotics, Bunium bulbocastanum essential oil, carcass yield, meat quality.
Abstract
Heat stress poses a significant challenge to poultry production, negatively impacting broiler growth performance, feed efficiency, and meat quality. This study investigated the synergistic effects of early-age thermotolerance acclimation, probiotics, and Bunium bulbocastanum (BB) essential oil supplementation on broiler performance, carcass traits, and meat quality under heat stress conditions. Eighty Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: Control (CON), Thermotolerance Acclimation (TA), Probiotic Supplementation (PRO), and Essential Oil Supplementation (BBEO). The PRO and BBEO groups demonstrated notable improvements, with the PRO group achieving the highest final body weight (2.36 ± 0.04 kg) and an optimized feed conversion ratio (FCR, 1.55 ± 0.02). Carcass yield was significantly enhanced in the PRO group (76.2 ± 1.4%) compared to the control (72.3 ± 1.7%). Meat quality parameters improved significantly in the BBEO group, with superior water-holding capacity (WHC, 78.4 ± 1.2%), lower cooking loss (15.3 ± 0.5%), and reduced lipid oxidation (MDA, 0.45 ± 0.02 mg/kg), demonstrating its strong antioxidant potential. Nutritional analysis revealed elevated crude protein content in the BBEO (23.1 ± 0.4%) and PRO (22.8 ± 0.5%) groups, along with reduced fat content. Additionally, the BBEO group exhibited the highest polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content (24.3 ± 1.1%), enhancing the nutritional value of the meat. These findings underscore the potential of probiotics and BB essential oil supplementation to mitigate heat stress effects and improve broiler productivity and meat quality.
References
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25. Ogbuewu, I. P., Mabelebele, M., & Mbajiorgu, C. A. (2024). Determination of performance response of broilers to fermented tropical leaf meal supplementation using meta-analytical method. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 56(2), 98.
26. Oladokun, S., MacIsaac, J., Rathgeber, B., & Adewole, D. (2021). Essential oil delivery route: effect on broiler chicken’s growth performance, blood biochemistry, intestinal morphology, immune, and antioxidant status. Animals, 11(12), 3386.
27. Oni, A. I., Adeleye, O. O., Adebowale, T. O., & Oke, O. E. (2024). The role of phytogenic feed additives in stress mitigation in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 108(1), 81-98.
28. Pashaei, M., Fayçal, Z., Kahrizi, D., & Ercisli, S. (2024). Medicinal Plants and Natural Substances for Poultry Health: A Review. The Journal of Poultry Sciences and Avian Diseases, 2(2), 36-49.
29. Sari, N. Y., Suryanto, E., Sujarwanta, R. O., & Putra, A. P. P. (2024, February). The effect of various moist heat cooking on physicochemical quality of cross chicken, broiler and layer chicken meat. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2957, No. 1). AIP Publishing.
30. Shehata, A. A., Yalçın, S., Latorre, J. D., Basiouni, S., Attia, Y. A., Abd El-Wahab, A., ... & Tellez-Isaias, G. (2022). Probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogenic substances for optimizing gut health in poultry. Microorganisms, 10(2), 395.
31. Warner, R. D. (2023). The eating quality of meat: IV—Water holding capacity and juiciness. In Lawrie's Meat Science (pp. 457-508). Woodhead Publishing.
32. Zineb B, Said D, Djilali B. Impact of both early-age acclimation and linseed dietary inclusion on fat deposition and fatty acids' meat traits in heat-stressed broiler chickens. J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2021 Jun 19;8(2):237-245. doi: 10.5455/javar.2021.h508. PMID: 34395594; PMCID: PMC8280985.
33. Zineb, B., Djilali, B., Said, D., Warda, B. A., Noureddine, B., Kamel, F. M., ... & Fatiha, S. (2024). Comparative study of performance and carcass characteristics of the slow-growing Naked Neck and the commercial ISA Hubbard 15 broiler chickens. Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 121-126.
2. Agustono, B., Lokapirnasari, W. P., Yunita, M. N., Kinanti, R. N., Cesa, A. E., & Windria, S. (2022). Efficacy of dietary supplementary probiotics as substitutes for antibiotic growth promoters during the starter period on growth performances, carcass traits, and immune organs of male layer chicken. Veterinary World, 15(2), 324.
3. Alagawany, M., Elnesr, S. S., Farag, M. R., Abd El-Hack, M. E., Barkat, R. A., Gabr, A. A., ... & Dhama, K. (2021). Potential role of important nutraceuticals in poultry performance and health-A comprehensive review. Research in veterinary science, 137, 9-29.
4. Alam, A. N., Lee, E. Y., Hossain, M. J., Samad, A., Kim, S. H., Hwang, Y. H., & Joo, S. T. (2024). Meat quality and safety issues during high temperatures and cutting-edge technologies to mitigate the scenario. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 66(4), 645.
5. Amer, S. A., Abdel-Wareth, A. A., Gouda, A., Saleh, G. K., Nassar, A. H., Sherief, W. R., ... & Abomughaid, M. M. (2022). Impact of dietary lavender essential oil on the growth and fatty acid profile of breast muscles, antioxidant activity, and inflammatory responses in broiler chickens. Antioxidants, 11(9), 1798.
6. Aqeel, M., Mirani, A. H., Khoso, P. A., Sahito, J. K., Bhutto, A. L., Leghari, R. A., ... & Ali, N. (2024). A review on the study of immunomodulators and herbal remedies: A natural approach to treating necrotic enteritis. Pure and Applied Biology, 13(3), 275-302.
7. Barbut, S. (2024). Measuring water holding capacity in poultry meat. Poultry Science, 103(5), 103577.
8. Beauclercq, S., Mignon-Grasteau, S., Petit, A., Berger, Q., Lefèvre, A., Métayer-Coustard, S., ... & Le Bihan-Duval, E. (2022). A divergent selection on breast meat ultimate pH, a key factor for chicken meat quality, is associated with different circulating lipid profiles. Frontiers in Physiology, 13, 935868.
9. Bengharbi Z, D. Benabdelmoumene, S. Dahmouni, N. Benguenouna, M-K. Fodil, F. Soltani. (2024). Effects of early age conditioning and linseed supplementation (Linum usitatissimum) on biochemical and haematological parameters in heat-stressed broiler chickens at different ages. African Journal of Biological Sciences 6(10), 6094- 6103. doi: 10.48047/AFJBS.6.10.2024.6093-6103
10. Bengharbi, Z., Dahmouni, S., Mouats, A., Petkova, M., & Halbouche, M. (2016). Physiological variations during a gradual six-hour simulated heat stress in early-age acclimated broilers fed linseed supplemented diet. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 22(1), 25-33.
11. Bentahar, M. C., Benabdelmoumene, D., Robert, V., Dahmouni, S., Qadi, W. S. M., Bengharbi, Z., Langella, P., Benbouziane, B., Al-Olayan, E., Dawoud, E. A. D., & Mediani, A. (2024). Evaluation of probiotic potential and functional properties of Lactobacillus strains isolated from Dhan, traditional Algerian goat milk butter. Foods, 13(23), 3781. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233781.
12. Bouhalla, A. W., Benabdelmoumene, D., Dahmouni, S., et al. (2024). Comparative LC–MS-based metabolite profiling, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of Bunium bulbocastanum tubers from two regions in Algeria. Scientific Reports, 14, 21719. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72758-5.
13. Chen, X., Cao, J., Geng, A., Zhang, X., Wang, H., Chu, Q., ... & Zhang, J. (2023). Integration of GC-MS and LC-MS for metabolite characteristics of thigh meat between fast-and slow-growing broilers at marketable age. Food Chemistry, 403, 134362.
14. Cornet, S. H., Snel, S. J., Lesschen, J., van der Goot, A. J., & van der Sman, R. G. (2021). Enhancing the water holding capacity of model meat analogues through marinade composition. Journal of Food Engineering, 290, 110283.
15. Djilali, B., Benmehel, B., Farouk, B., & Miloud, H. (2016). Effects of genotype and sex on lipid oxidation and fatty acid profile of chicken breast meat. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 15(2), 187.
16. Fesseha, H., Demlie, T., Mathewos, M., & Eshetu, E. (2021). Effect of Lactobacillus species probiotics on growth performance of dual-purpose chicken. Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports, 75-83.
17. Iyanda, A. I., Odutayo, O. J., Ibigbami, D. J., Adeyemo, A. A., Idowu, K. R., Adeniyi, A. A., ... & Aremu, M. D. (2024). Effect of processed abattoir waste (bovine blood rumen digesta mixture) as partial replacement for soyabeans on performance of broiler chickens. Slovak Journal of Animal Science, 57(4), 33-40.
18. Karim, K. K., & Abdulla, N. R. (2024). Use of various sources of calcium in the diets of broiler and its effects on carcass and some meat quality. Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences, 24(1), 45-56.
19. Liu, Y., Yu, Y., Meng, Q., Wei, Q., He, W., Zhao, Q., ... & Zhang, J. (2022). A fluorescent pH probe for evaluating the freshness of chicken breast meat. Food Chemistry, 384, 132554.
20. Mahasneh, Z. M., Abuajamieh, M., Abedal-Majed, M. A., Al-Qaisi, M., Abdelqader, A., & Al-Fataftah, A. R. A. (2024). Effects of medical plants on alleviating the effects of heat stress on chickens. Poultry Science, 103391.
21. Mahasneh, Z. M., Abuajamieh, M., Abedal-Majed, M. A., Al-Qaisi, M., Abdelqader, A., & Al-Fataftah, A. R. A. (2024). Effects of medical plants on alleviating the effects of heat stress on chickens. Poultry Science, 103391
22. Meira, M., Afonso, I. M., Cruz, R., Lopes, J. C., Martins, R. S., Domingues, J., ... & Brito, N. V. (2023). Carcass Yields and Meat Composition of Roosters of the Portuguese Autochthonous Poultry Breeds:“Branca”,“Amarela”,“Pedrês Portuguesa”, and “Preta Lusitânica”. Foods, 12(21), 4020.
23. Mustapha, M., Djilali, B., Said, D., Zineb, B., & Miloud, H. (2023). Impact of grazing zones and breeding on sheep meat quality, comparative analysis of fatty acid profiles and physicochemical attributes. Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 1221-1226.
24. Nawaz, A. H., Lin, S., Wang, F., Zheng, J., Sun, J., Zhang, W., ... & Zhang, L. (2023). Investigating the heat tolerance and production performance in local chicken breed having normal and dwarf size. animal, 17(3), 100707.
25. Ogbuewu, I. P., Mabelebele, M., & Mbajiorgu, C. A. (2024). Determination of performance response of broilers to fermented tropical leaf meal supplementation using meta-analytical method. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 56(2), 98.
26. Oladokun, S., MacIsaac, J., Rathgeber, B., & Adewole, D. (2021). Essential oil delivery route: effect on broiler chicken’s growth performance, blood biochemistry, intestinal morphology, immune, and antioxidant status. Animals, 11(12), 3386.
27. Oni, A. I., Adeleye, O. O., Adebowale, T. O., & Oke, O. E. (2024). The role of phytogenic feed additives in stress mitigation in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 108(1), 81-98.
28. Pashaei, M., Fayçal, Z., Kahrizi, D., & Ercisli, S. (2024). Medicinal Plants and Natural Substances for Poultry Health: A Review. The Journal of Poultry Sciences and Avian Diseases, 2(2), 36-49.
29. Sari, N. Y., Suryanto, E., Sujarwanta, R. O., & Putra, A. P. P. (2024, February). The effect of various moist heat cooking on physicochemical quality of cross chicken, broiler and layer chicken meat. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2957, No. 1). AIP Publishing.
30. Shehata, A. A., Yalçın, S., Latorre, J. D., Basiouni, S., Attia, Y. A., Abd El-Wahab, A., ... & Tellez-Isaias, G. (2022). Probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogenic substances for optimizing gut health in poultry. Microorganisms, 10(2), 395.
31. Warner, R. D. (2023). The eating quality of meat: IV—Water holding capacity and juiciness. In Lawrie's Meat Science (pp. 457-508). Woodhead Publishing.
32. Zineb B, Said D, Djilali B. Impact of both early-age acclimation and linseed dietary inclusion on fat deposition and fatty acids' meat traits in heat-stressed broiler chickens. J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2021 Jun 19;8(2):237-245. doi: 10.5455/javar.2021.h508. PMID: 34395594; PMCID: PMC8280985.
33. Zineb, B., Djilali, B., Said, D., Warda, B. A., Noureddine, B., Kamel, F. M., ... & Fatiha, S. (2024). Comparative study of performance and carcass characteristics of the slow-growing Naked Neck and the commercial ISA Hubbard 15 broiler chickens. Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 121-126.
How to Cite
Djilali Benabdelmoumene, Said Dahmouni, Zineb Bengharbi, Amine Ghelamallah, Nardjess Benamar, Asma-warda Bouhalla, Noureddine Benguennouna, Kamel Mustapha Fodil, & Fatiha Soltani. (1). Assessment of combined effects of thermal acclimation, probiotics, and Bunium bulbocastanum essential oil on performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in heat-stressed broilers. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 25(2), 690-697. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i2.1485
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