Revista Electronica de Veterinaria

Analysis of Dog Bite Injuries to Humans: Strategies for Prevention by Emergency Physicians

2024-01-03T06:30:04+00:00

Dog bites injury is a major public wellness risk, which requires comprehensive preventative methods. Dog bite prevention is becoming a significant public health and political concern with consequences for the welfare and health of both humans and animals. Emergency medical professionals are essential to this impact. Dog bites injury might result in physical damage, risk of infections, and long-term psychological discomfort, which could lead to money and generate anxiety. The goal of this research is to analyze dog bites to human injury and methods for preventing by physicians. According to expert analysis, the majority of bites may be avoided. The intervention materials have been created to educate individuals on how to analyze the non-verbal cues shown by dogs, assess potential danger, and respond accordingly. In this study, we collected data from individuals who had experienced a dog bite in India. Here, we utilized a comprehending of the dog behavior, recognizing aggressive behaviors, and breeds along with their risk factors. Breeds and risk factors include the five popular dog breeds like Boxer, American pit Bull Terrier, Labrador retriever, Chihuahua, and German shepherd. Education on dog body language may not be effective in preventing all dog attacks, according to the results, and dog bites may not be as readily avoidable as thought. The reasons why people were bitten intricate and multi-faceted. In other instances, prior contact with the dog was nonexistent, leaving little time to evaluate the circumstance and adjust one's conduct in the dog's presence. An infection risk of around 15% was associated with dog bites, the most prevalent on the hands and upper extremities. Breeds that were large and muscular. Education campaigns targeting dog owners, children, and medical professionals may reduce the incidence and severity of attacks, although breed-specific laws' efficacy is debatable.

Analyzing Pain in Equine with Eye Syndrome: Advancements in Recognition and Assessment Systems

2024-01-03T06:29:34+00:00

Equine eye syndrome, or EES, is a serious health concern for horses that results in pain and suffering. The goal of this research is to improve the early detection and treatment of equine ocular discomfort by exploring novel methods for identifying and evaluating pain in horses suffering from EES. We performed a retrospective observational analysis on each horse treated for ophthalmologic disorders from October 2020 to October 2022. The clinical improvements of horses in the present investigation are divided into different categories: excision, ophthalmic operation and discharge with medical care. The Horse Grimace Measure (HGM) and the Pain Index for Behavior (PIB) are used to evaluate temporal patterns using linear regression. The relationships between slope, capture and development are found using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Out of the 114 horses that fulfilled the requirements for entry, 46 were released following solely medical treatment, 33 had eye surgery and 16 had excision. Two ophthalmology operations were conducted on five horses. When the horses were admitted, the PIB readings were greater in the medically managed horses than in the enucleated horses. Compared to horses under medicinal management, excision-requiring horses experienced a greater increase in HGM and PIB throughout their hospital stay. Additionally, PIB increased more in these cases than in cases of ocular eye surgery. When it comes to tracking the course and reaction to treatment, pain scoring could be a helpful tool for horses with eye conditions.

Assessing the Temperature Conditions and Behavioral Habits in a Farm to Ensure Cattle Welfare

2024-01-03T06:30:46+00:00

In contemporary agriculture, it is imperative to comprehend the environmental factors and behavioral patterns of cattle, as their productivity and well-being are impacted by temperature fluctuations. The compost barn system has become increasingly popular due to its capacity to improve animal welfare and quality of life. To evaluate animal comfort and perhaps improve management, the use of compost barns in dairy farms demands extensive research on thermal conditions and behavior. In addition to evaluating the cows' standing and laying habits through photographs, this investigation attempted to define the temperature environment in a microbial farm during each of the four seasons. In Raipur, the Indian capital of Chhattisgarh, a compost barn utilized the experiment's location. The inclusion requirements for ensuring cow well-being on farms include things like proper ventilation, sufficient shelter that access to a clean and consistent water supply, which are used to evaluate the general temperature along with cow behavior in an ideal range. The temperature and humidity index (HI) was computed after daily data from different seasons were gathered for the year-round experiment. The interior of the cows' barn was filmed and the footage was visually and automatically processed to evaluate the behavior of the cattle. The study correctly recognized cow behavior over the study period, indicating that the largest mean levels of HI occurred in the afternoon and fall, matching with the animals' apparent inclination to spend the majority of the day lying down on the bed. The study focuses on the complex relationship between temperature and cattle behavior, providing useful insights into the elements influencing their well-being.

Exploring Reproductive Effectiveness, Milk Delivery, and Associated Factors in Southeastern Dairy Female Cows

2024-01-03T06:28:41+00:00

The dairy industry will benefit from better management methods as a result of the findings, which will improve our knowledge of the dynamics of reproduction and production of milk. The purpose of this research is to determine an average reproduction and productive features in female Red Sindhi animals and determine whether or not these traits have an impact on the breed's milk supply. Data on productive and reproductive characteristics with 250 dairy cattle of the Sindhi breed were provided. The analysis of variance was followed by an examination of the relationships between the traits related to reproduction and those related to milk yield. The mean values for the following parameters are including, dry phase (DP), lactation period (LP), milk yield (MY), calving ages (CA), the total amount of milk yield (TMY), reproductive effectiveness (RE), ages of first calve (AFC) and calving intervals (CI). When the attributes AFC, CA, CI, RE, LP and calving ordered (CO) were divided into groups, there was no difference in MY between the groups, but there is a positive link between LP and CO. It can be determined by the dairy cows of the Red Sindhi breed had intermediate averages for MY, CI, RE and high averages for AFC.

A Systematic Review of Warning Signs Related to the Bovine Disease Virus in Cattle Populations

2024-01-03T06:30:25+00:00

The Bovine disease viruses are a major worldwide concern to bovine herds, which has prompted some nations to implement monitoring programs for disease prevention and elimination. Timely response necessitates the recognition of warning symptoms associated with these infections. The maintenance of a disease-free status can provide problems for control efforts, underscoring the need to identify and comprehend risk factors. This research requires offering a complete assessment of potential risk factors for diseases affecting cattle viral infestation in herds of cows. Identify and evaluate warning signals related to bovine disease viruses, combining findings from much research to improve our knowledge of the clinical presentations and early indicators of these viral infections in cattle. A comprehensive search was performed in the CAB Abstracts, Scopus and PubMed databases using preset search keywords. The inclusion criteria centered on research looking at the early warning symptoms of bovine disease viruses. Following the identification of 800 papers, a rigorous screening procedure chose 20 for comprehensive analysis based on relevance, methodological quality and adherence to PRISMA criteria. The chosen research provided critical insights into the warning indications connected with bovine disease virus infections. Risk variables such as herd type, size, involvement in events as well as cattle importation were discovered and examined. The bottom plot gave a more detailed view of the link between livestock importation and illness prevalence. Despite the significant degree of variation across research, these pooled values provide indications of the relevance of widely investigated risk variables, assisting in the establishment and improvement of Bovine disease prevention strategies.

A Comprehensive Examination of Thymic Acid's Advantageous Impacts on Fish Nutrient Absorption and Growth

2024-01-03T06:30:15+00:00

Thymic acid (TA) is an important food additive that is used to boost feed efficiency, expansion, and production by increasing the structure and operations of the digestive tract and raising digestive secretion. Its primary use is in animal diets, mainly as a component of natural feed to lessen toxic chemicals in a variety of animal species. TA essential oil is crucial in improving nutritional absorption, defenses, overall health, and reproductive and productive capacity in cattle. The objective of this research is to summarize and assess the current body of knowledgeregarding the benefits of TA on fish development and reception of nutrients. The inclusion of TA into fish diets has shown significant gains in immune system performance, feed utilization, and general health. TA has demonstrated its capacity to improve fish reproductive and productive capabilities, as well as nutritional absorption and immunity, when combined with medicinal plants that are rich in powerful chemicals and naturally occurring antioxidants. The characteristics of TA, its antispasmodic, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and soothing qualities, are discussed in relation to fish nutrition. The review delves further into the physical properties, physiological functions, natural sources, and chemical makeup of TA in fish diet, providing light on its essential roles in nutrient absorption and development. The findings add to an improved comprehension of TA's beneficial effects on fish health and performance through its varied biological processes. This review is an excellent source for understanding the overall influence of TA on fish welfare and production.

Investigation on Identifying Difficulties Related to Isolation in Household Cats

2024-01-03T06:28:53+00:00

Recognizing and avoiding separation-related problems (SRP) in companion animals has an impact on animal wellbeing and the strength of human-pet bonds. An assortment of behavioral and physiological signs known as the SRP are shown when an animal is separated from its attachment person. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a survey for cat owners that would aid them in recognizing SRP symptoms and to determine if there was a correlation between the frequency of SRP and the cats' management practices. We looked at the correlations between SRP and feline personality qualities, as well as those of their owners, their environments and their managers. Concurrent conventional and molecular testing was performed on samples taken from 118 adult cats that did not have otitis externa. Out of the 118 animals that were examined, 59 of them, or 14% of the total, displayed one or more of the actions that were used to calculate SRP. The majority of the reported behaviors among the cats under study (23.73%, 14/59) were destructive. Depressive apathy (27.12, 16/59), excessive vocalization (32.20%, 19/59), aggression (15.25%, 9/59), agitation anxiety (16.95%, 10/59) and, less frequently, elimination issues (faces) (28.81%, 17/59) were the following most common behaviors. It might be challenging to identify separation anxiety in domestic cats since there is a shortage of information on the condition. This study's questionnaire might serve as a foundation for future studies by assisting in the identification of the primary behaviors in cats that are likely associated with SRP.

Bone Health in Dogs: An In-Depth Analysis of Osteoarthritis and Natural Remedies

2024-01-03T06:29:02+00:00

Dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) experience pain, limited movement and a lower standard of living. This study offers a thorough examination of the risk factors, diagnostic techniques and underlying reasons for canine OA. In addition to four normal-looking dogs, the study involved 40 cases of dogs with multiple joint OA who were free from other concomitant mental, metabolic, or viral disorders. Of them, 44 dogs were split into two sets: Unhealthy (G1) and Healthy (G2), which included 22 dogs. While G1 is given daily oral collagen peptide (1.0-2.0 mg/kg bwt) and vitamin D (0.02-0.03 mg/kg bwt) + calcium (25 mg/kg bwt) + sunthi (0.08 gm/kg bwt) for one month, G2 acts as the wellness condition. One of the characteristics that were examined was the frequency of bone-related illnesses in dogs. On the 30th day, G1 showed a significant decrease in lameness, which was explained by the synergistic action of collagen peptide, calcium, vitamin D and Sunthi, which relieved OA pain. There was a significant fall in C-reactive protein (CRP) and uric acid. To diagnose OA, radiography and clinical signs were utilized. G1 is therefore superior to G2 in this regard.

A Comprehensive Study on Homeowner Stress and Epileptic Cat Well-being

2024-01-03T06:29:11+00:00

The most prevalent neurological ailment in cats to be documented is epilepsy. Treatment for recurrent seizures includes giving anti-epileptic medications several times a day. Cats and their owners could be impacted by epilepsy treatments. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the care burden and quality of life (QOL) for cat owners who had epilepsy. The Cat Owner Relationship Scale (CORS) and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), validated measures of Cat QOL and demographic data were combined to generate a survey via the internet. With SPSS 26, regression analysis was performed. 6 states and 67 owners in India finished the responses. Cats with epilepsy that began before the age of five, controlled seizures and no drug side effects had improved QOL. Owners of cats with controlled seizures who were over 55 and felt supported by their veterinarian had reduced ZBI. Significant correlations were found between lower owner ZBI, greater cat QOL and higher CORS. The effects of epilepsy on cats and their owners could be lessened by effective seizure control and strong bonds between cat and owner. It is necessary to conduct further research to comprehend the interactions between cats and their owners to manage cats' epilepsy.

Melatonin Experiment: Exposing its Effects on Goat Physiology in Warming Conditions

2024-01-03T06:29:22+00:00

The welfare of cattle is threatened by climate change, especially in areas where temperatures are rising. The physiological traits of goats subjected to warmer temperatures are studied in this investigation to determine whether melatonin, a hormone renowned for regulating circadian cycles and stressful situations, can have any moderating impacts. Two goat groupings participated in a controlled study: Group 1 (G1) received melatonin nutrients, while Group 2 (G2) functioned as the untreated group. 50 female goats of the same weight and age were subjected to high heats (36°C and 42°C) for a total of five hours/day for five days in a row after being acclimated for four days at 26°C. During the course of the trial, 0.1 mg/kg of melatonin was injected at midday. Pre and post-melatonin treatment reactions are determined. The concentrations of hormones (T-4 and cortisol) and the proportion of each of genes associated with stress (ubiquitin and HSP-60) in mononuclear cells from the peripheral bloodstream have been evaluated in samples of blood drawn on different days. The findings demonstrated that as exposure temperatures rose in both G1 and G2, there was a substantial increase in rectal temperature and the rate of pulse. T-4 rates in the G1 decreased at 42°C, whereas cortisol levels in the G2 soared with exposure heat but kept decreasing in the G1. HSP-60 and other stress-associated genes were up-regulated in G1, especially at 42°C. In summary, reduced cortisol levels and increased expression of stress-associated genes suggested that melatonin had a cooling as well as cell-protective effect on goats in heated environments.

Eradication and Management of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in Cattle in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

2024-03-03T12:52:05+00:00

This research aimed to determine the activities carried out to prevent and control foot and mouth disease in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The research was carried out from September to October in Maros City. Data comes from primary and secondary data. The data analysis used was descriptive statistics. The research results show that vaccination activities are one of the effective steps taken by the government in eradicating and controlling the spread of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD).

Detection of Non-Milk Fat Adulteration of Labaneh Products in Jordanian Markets on the Basis of Fatty Acids Profiles Content by GC.

2024-03-12T06:28:08+00:00

Dairy products containing milk fat as a major component play an important role in economic, functional and chemical properties of dairy products in addition to retaining nutrients and essential fatty acids (FAs). With the increased demand for dairy products, dairy fat has become a frequent target of economic fraud, often being substituted for vegetable oils or animal fats with less value In this review, we analyzed 16 samples and used gas chromatography method to differentiate milk fat by FAs profile . Gas chromatography was used to evaluate the concentration of FAs and fatty acids in all samples, including the control sample. The findings revealed a remarkable correlation between oleic acid (C18:1n9c), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), and cholesterol, and as the level of adulteration between In the purified control sample In contrast to the low levels of oleic acid (C18:1n9c), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), and stearic acid (C18:0) expressed when compared with composite samples, pure control sample showed higher levels cholesterol and palmitic acid (C16:0) than some composite samples. Consequently, we propose that oleic acid (C18:1n9c), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), and fatty acids are relevant and identifying markers in milk fat Rapidly digested by gas chromatography that can act as biomarkers.

Factors Affecting the Trend in the Number of Chicken Eggs Produced in South Sulawesi

2024-04-15T10:07:36+00:00

Purebred chicken eggs are highly consumed in Indonesia, making them a significant component of the country's diet. As the population grows and educational levels increase, there is a greater awareness among the public about the importance of nutrition and food, particularly the role of protein in everyday life. The demand for egg products in the Indonesian market remains consistently high due to their versatility in various food applications. Objective: This study examined the factors influencing trends in purebred chicken egg production. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, utilizing data from the Central Statistics Agency and reputable sources such as academic journals and authorized print and digital media. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive methods. Results: Purebred chicken egg yield has fluctuated over the past five years. Between 2018 and 2019, there was a significant increase of 27 % in egg production. However, there was a subsequent decline in both 2020 and 2021. The number of eggs produced experienced a modest growth of 6% from 2021 to 2022. Notably, this increase coincided with a surge in demand for purebred chicken eggs, suggesting that individuals rely on them to fulfill their animal protein requirements. Conclusions: The quantity of purebred chicken eggs produced in South Sulawesi is influenced by various factors such as fluctuations in egg prices, producer income, costs of raw materials (e.g., feed and seeds), market demand, and the occurrence of disease outbreaks. These elements collectively shape the region's production trends of purebred chicken eggs.